Technology map
Industry technology maps: what each layer is, and what it depends on.
AI, semiconductors, data centres, electric vehicles and the grid, broken down layer by layer until the terms are specific enough to be useful. Every page explains one thing in plain language, states the technology and supply-chain dependencies underneath it, and links to what depends on it in turn.
8 industries · 332 pages · 248 technologies defined · 486 supply chokepoints marked
How the map works
It goes down, not across
Each industry breaks into segments, segments into sub-systems, sub-systems into individual technologies. Every level explains itself before it breaks down further, so you can stop wherever the answer is good enough.
Every page states its dependencies
What it needs to work, split into technology dependencies, physical supply dependencies and standards — and which of those have a handful of qualified suppliers rather than a market.
The links run both ways
Each page also lists what depends on it, so you can walk from a serving optimisation down to the lithography step behind the chip, or from a training run out to the transformer on the substation.
Industries
Ordered by the direction the dependencies run rather than alphabetically. AI depends on semiconductors, both have to be housed and powered, and that chain terminates in the grid. The three that follow lean back on it: aerospace shares composites and forgings with energy, robotics shares magnets and edge inference with vehicles and AI, and biotechnology reaches into semiconductor lithography for the consumables that made reading a genome cheap.
- Artificial intelligenceFrom the silicon that does the arithmetic to the serving layer that answers a request — and what each layer waits on.Breaks down into: AI compute · AI networking · Model architecture · Data layer · Inference and serving · Software stack45 pages belowChokepoint
- SemiconductorsDesign tools, lithography, packaging, materials and test — the stages behind every chip, and where each one narrows.Breaks down into: Chip design · Wafer fabrication · Advanced packaging · Materials and chemicals · Test and assembly · Foundry and capacity50 pages belowChokepoint
- Data centresPower, cooling and construction — the building constraints that now decide how fast compute can be deployed.Breaks down into: Power · Cooling · Sites and construction27 pages belowChokepoint
- Electric vehiclesFrom cathode chemistry to charging standards — the subsystems, and the materials underneath them.Breaks down into: Battery cells · Battery materials · Powertrain · Charging · Autonomy53 pages belowChokepoint
- Energy and gridSolar, wind, storage, transmission and firm power — where the AI build-out's dependency chain ends.Breaks down into: Solar · Wind · Storage · Grid infrastructure · Firm low-carbon power43 pages belowChokepoint
- Commercial aerospaceWhat an aircraft is made of, what powers it, and why a regulator and a forging press set the delivery rate.Breaks down into: Airframes and structures · Propulsion · Avionics and systems · Cabin interiors · Certification and rates · Space systems37 pages belowChokepoint
- Robotics and automationWhat makes a robot move accurately, what makes it useful, and why integration costs more than the machine.Breaks down into: Mechanics · Control and software · Machine vision · Mobile robotics · Humanoids and embodied AI31 pages belowChokepoint
- BiotechnologyWhat a medicine can be made of, how it is produced, and the two processes that decide whether it reaches anyone.Breaks down into: Drug modalities · Biomanufacturing · Research tools · Clinical and regulatory38 pages belowChokepoint
The whole map
Every industry and the segments it breaks into. Rose marks a branch that contains a chokepoint; the number is how many parts a segment splits into — open it to see them, or follow the link for the explanation.
- Technology map332 pages
What this is and is not
These are explanatory reference pages. They describe how technologies work and what they depend on, and they name companies by what those companies supply at a given step — with no market shares, no revenue figures and no rankings, because those are the numbers that are wrong within two quarters. Ticker links point at company pages on this site for reference.
Nothing here is investment advice, a recommendation, or a forecast. A company named on a page about a technology is not thereby a good investment, and the supply chokepoints described are structural facts rather than predictions about prices.
Plutux is not an investment adviser. Market data and AI-generated analysis are for information and education only, not investment advice. Disclaimer